高三英语概论之我见_英语论文

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复习教学

近几年高考题题型特点可简单归纳为:知识覆盖面广,试题综合性和灵活性强,情景会话及交际英语比例逐年加大,强化语言运用及能力要求。细察其测试目的,历年高考题无不围绕知识与能力两大主题。然而,不少教师采用单一的复习模式,从初一到高二课本一册一册、甚至一课一课“过”。这种复习方式使学生原有的知识依然孤立地存在下去,无法建立起知识之间的内在联系,造成明显的知识断层现象,知识的再现率极低。这样就不可能顺利地将所学知识融汇贯通,更不可能顺利地转化为能力。

笔者采用的是“立体式”复习方法。

这是指用归纳、综合、对比诸方法,初高中知识拉通,纵横交错、大跨度地复习旧知识,把学生过去支离破碎、相互孤立的知识有机地串联起来,采用讨论课、答疑课以及课堂限时适应性操练课。具体地说,还必须针对NMET命题特点设置与之相应的课型,即适时地开设:(1)语音课程,(2)语法课程,(3)语言课程,(4)完形课程,(5)阅读课程,(6)表达课程,(7)改错课程。下面以语音课程及语法课程为例,简析其操作方法:

一、语言课程

除要求学生熟练掌握常见的元音字母、辅音字母及字母组合读音外,更重要的是注意归纳英语中发音特殊的单词。如:

1.“差之毫厘,谬以千里”。以下单词的读音,要倍加注意(切不可想当然地根据每组第一个读第二个)。

二、语法课程

可以分成词法课及句法课来复习、操练。

1.词法课

将要求掌握的基本词汇按不同词类归类或对比复习,具体操作如下:

1)动词短语归类:将动词和副词、名词、介词等的搭配归纳起来,尤其是高考出现频率最高的动词,如look,come,go,have,let,take,make,get等。以make短语为例:make a speech,make a promise,make a remark,make aplan,make a change,make a journey (trip),make an offer,make friends with,make progress,make faces,make fun of,wake a fool of,make no difference,make thoice of,make money,make use of,make an apology to,make up,make up of,make into,make of,make from,be made in,be made of (up of,from,into),be made king (president,monitor...),etc.

2)以副词为中心。如out与动词的搭配:

work out,send out,take out,look out,hand out,find out,go out,bring out,call out,get out,give out,hold out,wear out,show out,help out,carry out,cry out,spit out,come out,break out,pick out,speak out,let out,be out,etc.

3)总结常见的系动词用法:

be,grow,get,become,go,come,feel,sound,smell,look,taste,run,wear,turn,fall,keep,remain,blow,marry,lie,stand,exist,etc.

4)代词充当主语时谓语的单复数形式:

a.Both,Several,Two or three,Few,A few,Many,A large number of,Agood many,Scores of,Dozens of,Hundreds of,Thousands of,Millions of+复数可数名词+复数谓语;

b.Many a+单数可数名词+单数谓语;

c.A great/good deal of,Much,Plenty of+不可数名词+单数谓语;

d.Lots of,A lot of,A large quantity of,Quantities of,Most,Part,All,Some,

e.None,Either,Neither,Each+of+复数可数名词(或复数代词)+单数谓语

5)以介词为中心的介词短语。如:at

at six o'clock,at present,at noon,at night,at sunrise(sunset),at Christmas,at breakfast,at supper,at a bus stop,at a book-shop,at the foot of,at the bottom of,at the street corner,at the same time,at the top of one's voice,at first,at last,at the beginning of,at the end of,at (the) most,at least,at the sight of,at the sound of,at the smell of,at the taste of,at the mention of,at the thought of,at the news of,at the age of,at the edge of,at (a)/the specd of,at top speed,at different speeds,at half speed,at an ordinary speed,at an added speed,at full speed,at high speed (Notice:with all/great speed),at high price,at the price of;

be surprised at,be pleased at (hearing,seeing…),be at war (peace),be at table(desk),be at work,be good (bad)at;

shoot at,look at,glare at,stare at,aim at,fire at,laugh at,sneer at,shout at,throw at,come at,work at,thrust at ,gaze at,etc.

按上述归纳、对比的方法,从句型、惯用法、词类的角度可以总结出200组左右的各类用法,让学生在短时间内可重复再现更多的旧知识。另外,构词法知识、同音词、同根词、同义词、近义词、反义词及一词多性等知识的复习也是十分重要的。如:

构词法:satisfy(v.)-satisfaction(n.)-satisfying(a.)-dissatisfy(v.)-dissatisfaction(n.)-dissatisfactory(a.);care(v.)-careful(a.)-carefully(adv.)-carefulness(n.)-careless(a.)-carelessly(adv.)-carelessness(n.)等;

同根词:invisible,vision,visionphone,visible,review,revision,television,visitor,visit等;

同音词:son-sun,their-there,our-hour,no-know,passed-past,plane-plain,whole-hole,hear-here,father-farther,dear-deer,blew-blue,buy-by,meet-meat,often-orphan,write-right,threw-through,straitsraight,see-sea,site-sight,warn-worn,whether-weather,way-weigh,wait-weight等。

2.句法课

英语中句法其实比词法简单,要记的东西也相对少些,但如果不得其法,仍然会使学生对知识含混不清,“剪不断,理还乱”。复习时可以侧重以下几个方面复习:

1)时态

中学要求学生掌握的八种时态可列表比较进行复习。如:

2)语态

主要掌握英语中一些主动结构的句子表示被动意义的情况。

3)虚拟语气

除掌握课本(P.111 SBⅡ)上所列三个表格的内容外,应重点掌握一些特殊动词(相应名词)所带从句的虚拟语气。这些词可用两句话概括:“坚持(insist)命令(order)三建议(suggest,advise,propose),两口(require,request)两盲(command,demand)两希望(wish,desire)”,其中只有“wish”作谓语动词时,宾语从句的谓语动词形式和条件从句的形式(“现在将来反过去,过去相反用过完”)一样外,其余一般都是“should+原形动词”或省略“should”。

4)从句

从句中以定语从句最为复杂,特别是引导词。好好归纳总结,讲练结合,以练为主。名词性从句的句序及关联词问题是复习掌握的重点。

此外,it的用法及强调句型、倒装句、省略句等均不复杂,只要总结、比较得好,精讲多练,要使学生掌握这些知识并非难事。

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高三英语概论之我见_英语论文
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