黑龙江省伊春市汤旺河医院 153037
摘要：目的：观察小儿腹泻护理工作中应用不同的护理措施的效果及对患儿的治疗影响。方法：选取2017年12月～2018年2月我院收治的小儿腹泻患者60例作为研究对象，并将其按照入院顺序分为对照组（30例）和实验组（30例）。在进行研究对象的选取时遵循随机性的原则，并且参与到本次实验的患者均知情，并签署了同意书。对两组患儿采取不同的护理措施，对照组采取的是常规的护理手段，而实验组患儿则在此基础上进行了综合护理措施。经过一段时间的护理过后，比较两组患儿的住院时间、住院花费、并发症的发生率和治疗的有效率等因素，从而判断不同护理措施对患儿的治疗影响。结果：经过数据统计之后发现实验组患儿的住院时间和住院费用要明显的低于对照组。而且实验组患儿出现并发症的概率要比对照组小得多，治疗的有效性却远远优于对照组。结论：在小儿腹泻中应用综合护理，可缩短住院时间，降低住院费用及并发症的发生，提高护理满意度。所以综合护理是比较好的进行小儿腹泻护理的措施。
关键词：小儿腹泻；护理措施；综合护理
Discussion on nursing measures of 60 cases of diarrhea in children
Abstract: Objective: To observe the effect of different nursing measures in the nursing work of children with diarrhea and the effect on the treatment of children. METHODS: Sixty patients with diarrhea in our hospital from December 2017 to February 2018 were enrolled in the study. They were divided into control group (30 cases) and experimental group (30 cases) according to the order of admission. The principle of randomness was followed in the selection of the subjects, and the patients involved in the experiment were informed and signed the consent form. Different nursing measures were taken for the two groups of children. The control group took regular nursing measures, while the children in the experimental group underwent comprehensive nursing measures. After a period of care, the hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, incidence of complications, and effective treatment were compared between the two groups to determine the effect of different nursing measures on the treatment of the child. RESULTS: After data statistics, it was found that the hospitalization time and hospitalization expenses of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Moreover, the probability of complications in the experimental group was much smaller than that of the control group, and the effectiveness of the treatment was far superior to that of the control group. Conclusion: The application of comprehensive nursing in children with diarrhea can shorten the length of hospital stay, reduce the cost of hospitalization and complications, and improve the satisfaction of nursing. Therefore, comprehensive care is a better measure for diarrhea care in children.
Key words: pediatric diarrhea; nursing measures; comprehensive nursing
引言：小儿腹泻临床又称腹泻症，为儿科临床常见消化系统急症之一[1]。当患上这种疾病的时候患儿会出现大便次数增多，且形状发生改变的症状。另外，小儿腹泻患者常伴随发热、呕吐、腹痛等症状。3月龄～2岁婴儿发病率较高[2]。若采取有效的护理措施预防、治疗、预后此种疾病，就会保证患儿减轻其痛苦，早日康复，减轻家人负担。因此本文对小儿腹泻的护理措施进行了探讨，从而发现最佳的护理措施。
资料与方法
1.1一般资料
选取2017年12月～2018年2月我院收治的小儿腹泻患者60例作为研究对象，并将其按照入院顺序分为对照组（30例）和实验组（30例）。实验组的患儿年龄分布在1.5岁到6岁之间，平均年龄为（3.23±2.31）岁.这些患儿的患病时间在1-6天之间，并且已经出现了脱水、发热、呕吐、食量减少、精神不振等症状。对照组患儿年龄分布在4个月到7岁之间，平均年龄为(3.51±0.61)岁，患病时间在1-7天之间，已经有患儿出现了脱水、发热、呕吐、食量减少的症状。两组患者的性别､年龄､病程等临床资料均无显著差异,对比无统计学意义(P>0.05)｡
1.2方法
对照组患儿采取常规的护理措施。实验组在对照组的护理措施基础上增加综合护理措施。首先，加强并发症的防治工作，如：发热、脱水、肛周及臀部破溃等。降低患儿出现并发症的概率。另外，对患儿进行严格的消毒和隔离措施并不间断地对患儿的生命体征进行检测，一旦发现异常就及时的采取有效措施进行问题的解决。此外，饮食护理也是一个比较重要的护理措施，进行饮食护理的时候护理人员要根据患儿的实际病情，为其合理的安排饮食。因为有的患儿出现了呕吐的现象，所以护理人员需要对患儿口腔进行清洁，避免患儿出现口舌生疮等情况。对于有发热情况的患儿，护理人员需要定时检测患儿体温，并采取必要的降温措施。
2.结果
3.讨论
腹泻给婴幼儿带来较为严重的威胁，极易导致患者出现水电解质平衡失衡和脱水等症状[3]。在临床上该病的治疗效果较好，但是需要以合理的护理措施作为配合。随着医疗水平不断发展，常规护理治疗方法得到改善，护理工作中加强了护理的综合性。综合护理相对于传统的护理手段来说具有更好的效果，可提高治疗质量，减少患儿的痛苦。而且从上述的实验结果来看，实验组患儿的住院时间和住院费用要明显的低于对照组。而且实验组患儿出现并发症的概率要比对照组小得多，治疗的有效性却远远优于对照组。所以综合护理措施在小儿腹泻护理中的应用具有实际意义，值得被广泛的采用。
参考文献：
[1]史国晶,盛敬伊,程艳萍.整体护理在小儿腹泻护理中的应用效果分析[J].中国医药指南,2016,14(21):254-254.
[2]谢叶玲,黄燕玲,陆雅,等.精细护理模式在小儿腹泻中应用的效果评价.中国实用护理杂志,2012,28(30):163-164.
[3]杜爽,邓瑶琼.优质化护理对于小儿腹泻的临床效果分析[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2013,36(24):3705-3706.
论文作者:李秀菊
论文发表刊物:《中国医学人文》2018年第18期
论文发表时间:2019/3/7
标签：患儿论文; 实验组论文; 措施论文; 小儿论文; 对照组论文; 并发症论文; 患者论文; 《中国医学人文》2018年第18期论文;