愉快学习 陶冶情操——介绍一种英语歌曲欣赏课型，本文主要内容关键词为：陶冶情操论文,英语论文,愉快论文,歌曲论文，此文献不代表本站观点，内容供学术参考，文章仅供参考阅读下载。
走进中学英语课堂，我们能听到许多设计严谨、科学、内容丰富且活动形式多样的听说课、阅读课和语法课。在这些课堂上，教师按照准备好的教案一环紧扣一环地实施教学计划，学生则眼要观，耳要听，嘴要说，手要写，脑要思；一堂课下来，学生普遍感到疲惫。如果在一学期、一学年，甚至更长的学习阶段里一成不变地重复这种教学模式，或多或少会降低学生学习英语的兴趣。笔者设计了一种英语歌曲欣赏课型，既能让学生学得很轻松，也能让学生学有所获。这种课型不是我们常规英语教学的主流课型，而是适当穿插在常规教学之间，用来调节学生紧张情绪、增加学生英语学习的兴趣、陶冶学生人文和美学情操、沟通师生情感的一种特殊课型。笔者在所教班级试行几次后效果甚佳，深受学生喜爱。下面是其中的一个范例：
英语歌曲欣赏课
Ⅰ.欣赏歌曲：《草帽歌》(The Straw Hat)
Ⅱ.教学目的与目标：
1.让学生在轻松的气氛中学习英语；
2.让学生了解背景知识在阅读理解中的重要性；
3.对学生进行情感教育。
Ⅲ.教学辅助设备：电脑、多媒体
Ⅳ.教学方法：
1.启发式；
2.语法翻译法；
3.任务型教学活动。
Ⅴ.教学过程：
Step 1.引入
教师提问学生问题。
1)Do you often sing or listen to English songs?
2)Can you sing an English song well without understanding the words?
3)If there are two ways of learning English,one is our everyday teaching,the other is learning English by listening and enjoying English songs,which way do you prefer?
Step 2.展示歌词
教师朗读歌词，解释生词，播放歌曲，并提问学生。
The Straw Hat
Ma Ma,do you remember the old straw hat you gave to me,I lost that hat long ago,flew to the foggy canyon.Yeah Ma Ma I wonder what happened to that old straw hat,falling down the mountainside,out of my reach like your heart.Suddenly that wind came up,stealing my hat from me yeh,swirling,whirling gust of wind,blowing it higher away.Ma Ma that old straw hat was the only one I really loved,but we lost it,no one could bring it back,like the life you gave me.
问题：What does the words"straw hat"refer to in this song?（对不同的学生进行提问，希望得到不同的回答，但不给学生惟一的答案，以便自然过渡到下一环节。）
设计目的：通过解释，使学生能够基本理解歌词的表层含义，引导学生深层理解；对学生的回答不予评价，为背景知识的解释留有余地。
Step 3.背景知识介绍
1)教师提问：What is "background knowledge"?
2)教师强调：The more background knowledge a reader has,the better and deeper he/she will understand the reading material.
3)教师通过讲故事，介绍该歌曲的相关背景知识。
The Straw Hat was the theme song oraJapanesefilmnamedThe Proof of Man（《人证》），which discloses the dark side of human being's nature.One day,during the Second World War,a group of American soldiers were insulting（侮辱）a Japanesegirlin the street when a black American soldier came up and stopped them.Then,the girl and the black soldier lived together and gave birth to a black boy.The war was over,the boy went to America with his father.As the boy grew up,he couldn't help missing his mother.The boy arrived in Japan and found out who his mother was.However,his mother,who was very famous in Japan,refused to recognize and accept him,because she was afraid it would do harm to her good fame（名誉）and her family.She killed her son in order to protect herself and her family.Soon after that she regretted it-she wanted to get back the old straw hat,but it was too late.
设计目的：加深学生对背景知识这一概念的理解，引起他们对背景知识的重视；同时，通过讲故事训练和提高学生的听力。
Step 4.逐句解释
1)Sentence 1
①歌词展示：Ma Ma,do you remember the old straw hat you gaveto me,I lost that hat long ago,flew to the foggy canyon.
②参考翻译：妈妈，你可曾记得，你送给我的那顶旧草帽？很久以前我就丢失了，它飘向浓雾的山岙。
（提示：要求不同程度的学生翻译这个句子，直至得到较好的译句。）
③阅读理解：
What do the words"straw hat"refer to?
A.life B.a feeling of thought
C.mother's love D.love
（参考答案：C）
④补充讲解：Here the words"straw hat"refer to the love of a mother.The words"flew to foggy canyon"imply the loss of mother's love.
⑤演唱技巧：Sing with a feeling of regret.
⑥单句播放或教师演唱。
设计目的：在了解了相关的背景知识之后，通过翻译和阅读理解，使学生理解文字的深层含意；通过补充讲解使学生欣赏到英语语言之美；通过演唱技巧的介绍、单句的播放或教师的演唱，使学生在音乐欣赏中放松精神、陶冶情操，同时也加深了对歌词的理解。
2)Sentence 2
①歌词展示：I wonder what happened to that old straw hat,falling down the mountainside,out of my reach like your heart.
②参考翻译：你可知道那顶旧草帽的命运，它飘落在那山腰上，就像你的心我永远都得不到。
③阅读理解：
What does this sentence imply?
A.The boy,far away in America,missed her mother very much.
B.The boy,far away in America,couldn't get his mother's love.
C.The boy's mother didn't love his son any longer.
D.The straw hat was lost.
（参考答案：B）
④补充讲解：This sentence implies that the black boy was eager to know the truth,which can be learned from the words"wonder,out of my reach".
⑤演唱技巧：Sing with an emotion of being eager to know the truth.
⑥单句播放或教师演唱
3)Sentence 3
①歌词展示：Suddenly that wind came up,stealing my hat from me,swirling,whirling gust of wind,blowing it higher away.
②参考翻译：忽然间狂风大作，掠走了我的草帽，那顶旧草帽被旋风高高卷起，随风远去。
③阅读理解：
What does the word"wind"refer to?
A.killing B.hatred
C.love D.refuse
（参考答案：A）
④补充讲解：Here the writer uses"wind"to imply"killing",and"blowing it higher away"to imply that the love between mother and son was lost forever.
⑤演唱技巧：Sing with a feeling of disbelief and having a broken heart.
⑥单句播放或教师演唱。
4)Sentence 4
①歌词展示：Ma Ma that old straw hat was the only one I really loved,but we lost it,no one could bring it back,like the life you gave me.
②参考翻译：妈妈，只有那顶旧草帽是我珍爱的无价之宝，但我们已经失去了它，没有人再能找回它，就像你给我的生命。
③阅读理解：
What does this sentence imply?
A.A life was lost.
B.The love betwen mother and son was lost
C.Was there anything more valuable than the love betweenmother and son?
D.Was there anything more valuable than life?（参考答案：C）
④演唱技巧：Sing with a mixed emotion of love,hatred,puzzlement,and regret.
⑤单句播放或教师演唱。
Step 5.小结
The words of the song are very beautiful.It uses a lot of metaphors（隐喻）to express the son's feelings and emotion.For instance,the"old straw hat"refers to the love of a mother;the"wind"implies the killing;"blowing it higher away"implies the love between mother and son was lost forever.All these metaphors make us think deeply.
Step 6.强调背景知识的重要性
让学生分组讨论以下问题。
1)Is background knowledge important while doing reading comprehension?
2)Can you have a good understanding of texts without background knowledge?
3)How can we get more background knowledge?
设计目的：使学生意识到博览群书的重要性，以及重视对背景知识的理解和掌握，并使学生纠正课后只重视做单选题的不良学习习惯。
Step 7.学唱歌曲
1)逐句教学生演唱歌曲；
2)再次播放歌曲或教师自己演唱。
Step 8.主题升华
1)讨论题：What will happen if there is no love in this world?
2)要求学生自由回答；
3)教师总结：Love is natural for human beings,andthe bridgefor people to get along with one another.Without love,other feelings,such as envy（嫉妒）,suspicion（猜疑）,hatred（仇恨）,quarrel,misunderstanding,killing,fighting,war,revenge（报复）,and so on will control people's minds,May our world be full of love.
设计目的：通过让学生讨论有关问题使这堂英语歌曲欣赏课的主题升华，让学生受到一次良好的情感教育。
课后笔者就下列问题在所教的两个班级的109名学生中进行了问卷调查。
问题1：你喜欢这种形式的教学吗？
A.喜欢 B.不喜欢 C.一般
问题2：你认为这种课一学期上几次合适？
A.一月2次 B.一学期4次
C.一学期2次
问题3：你喜欢这种课型的原因是什么？
问卷调查统计结果
通过分析学生的调查问卷和参阅相关的理论依据，笔者认为，歌曲欣赏课在学生英语学习过程中可以起到以下作用：
1.缓解压力。歌曲欣赏课自始至终是在音乐欣赏和文学欣赏中进行的。实践证明，美妙动听的音乐可以使学生心情舒畅，从中得到美的享受，调节和松弛情绪，也可以使学生的注意力更为集中。
2.增加兴趣。歌曲欣赏课的新颖性能引起学生的好奇心，它的创造性能调动学生的学习热情，它丰富的美学元素能激励学生学习英语的兴趣。
3.陶冶情操。歌曲欣赏课所选用的歌曲无论是歌词还是旋律应是经过教师精心挑选的。就这堂课而言，《草帽歌》揭露了人性的阴暗面，同时从另一面也赞美了人性美好的一面；音乐、美学和情感教育对学生的情操升华极有帮助。
4.沟通感情。在歌曲欣赏课的实施过程中，教师始终是在一种宽松和愉快的状态下授课，它有利于师生情感交流；教师的演唱和教唱会给课堂营造欢乐、和谐、融洽的气氛。