检测结直肠癌组织中miR-21,miR-106a,miR-143的表达水平论文_彭志平,刘紫玲,史学森(通讯作者)

彭志平 刘紫玲 史学森(通讯作者)

【摘 要】 目的 探讨良性结肠腺瘤与结肠腺癌组织中Hsa-miR-21-5p,Hsa-miR-143-3p,Hsa-miR-106a-5p表达水平的差异对临床诊断结肠腺瘤及癌变可能的意义。方法 利用荧光实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测结肠腺瘤、结肠癌患者组织及瘤旁组织中Hsa-miR-143-3p,Hsa-miR-21-5p,Hsa-miR-106a-5p的表达水平,并分析三者的表达对结肠腺瘤或结肠癌的诊断意义。结果 结肠腺瘤组织中Hsa-miR-21-5p,Hsa-miR-106a-5p的表达水平较瘤旁组织显著增高(p<0.05),Hsa-miR-143-3p的表达水平显著降低(p<0.05);经病理鉴定癌变的组织中Hsa-miR-21-5p表达水平显著高于良性瘤组织,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05),而Hsa-miR-106a-5p的表达水平与良性瘤组织无统计学差异(p>0.05),Hsa-miR-143-3p的表达水平低于良性瘤组织,差异有统计学意义。结论 Hsa-miR-21-5p,Hsa-miR-106a-5p,Hsa-miR-143-3p的表达水平对临床诊断结肠腺瘤及是否发生癌变有指导意义。

【关键词】 结肠腺瘤; 结肠腺癌; miRNA; Hsa-miR-21-5p; Hsa-miR-106a-5p; Hsa-miR-143-3p

The expression and significance Hsa-miR-21-5p, Hsa-miR-106a-5p, Hsa-miR-143-3p in colorectal adenomas

【Abstract】 Objective Detecting the expression of Hsa-miR-21-5p, Hsa-miR-106a-5p, Hsa-miR-143-3p in colorectal adenomas and colon adenocarcinoma, to investigate their clinical diagnosis significance in colon adenoma and colon adenocarcinoma. Methods Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay were used to detect the expressions of Hsa-miR-143-3p, Hsa-miR-21-5p, Hsa-miR-106a-5p in colorectal adenoma tissues and Adenomatous adjacent tissues, further reveal their roles during colon adenoma or colon cancer diagnosis on the basis of corresponding pathological diagnosis. Results Hsa-miR-21-5p , Hsa-miR-106a-5p expression levels in colorectal adenomas than tumor adjacent tissues was significantly higher (p<0.05), the expression level of Hsa-miR-143-3p significantly lower (p<0.05); the expression Hsa-miR-21-5p was significantly higher than benign tumor tissue, the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05), but Hsa-miR-106a-5p was not (p>0.05), Hsa-miR-143-3p expression level lower than benign tumor tissue, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion It is meaningful to detect the expression of Hsa-miR-21-5p,Hsa-miR-106a-5p, Hsa-miR-143-3p for clinical diagnosis of colorectal adenoma and whether cancerous instructive.

【Key words】 Colorectal adenomas; Colorectal adenocarcinoma; miRNA; Hsa-miR-21-5p; Hsa-miR-106a-5p; Hsa-miR-143-3p

结肠癌是发病率较高的消化系统恶性肿瘤,其5年生存率很低,结肠腺瘤尤其是进展期结肠腺瘤是结肠癌的主要癌前病变,早发现早诊断是提高患者生存率的关键。从腺瘤到结肠癌的演进是一个多基因,多步骤参与的过程,涉及不同基因序列的畸变和基因表达的改变。miRNAs是一类新的基因调控因子,它在控制细胞的生长、分化、血管形成及凋亡等过程中发挥着非常重要的作用。随着越来越多的miRNAs被发现和研究的深入,已证实miRNAs与恶性肿瘤密切相关,相对于毗邻的正常结肠组织,腺瘤和癌内的miRNA表达代表了早期结肠癌发生的细胞事件。本研究旨在通过检测Hsa-miR-21-5p,Hsa-miR-106a-5p,Hsa-miR-143-3p的表达水平对结肠腺瘤及是否发生癌变的诊断做出指导。

标本采集与方法

1.标本来源与收集

收集2012.1-2015.1包头市中心医院32例胃肠外科行手术治疗的患者结肠腺瘤组织及相对应的距肿瘤病灶边缘2cm瘤旁组织。经病理学鉴定21例患者属于良性结肠腺瘤,11例属于结肠腺癌。其中男17例,女15例,年龄33-67岁,平均发病年龄52岁。所有患者在取材术前均未接受放化疗及其他针对肿瘤的特殊治疗。

2.方法

2.1结肠腺瘤组织标本:即刻采集新鲜组织后,放于-196℃液氮中速冻,并转存于-80℃低温冰箱中。使用Life technology的mirVana? miRNA Isolation Kit试剂盒从100mg组织中提取总RNA,ThermoND-LITE紫外分光光度计测量总RNA的纯度及浓度,取5uL进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳观察总RNA条带。

2.2 cDNA合成及qRT-PCR:

cDNA合成:取100ng总RNA,应用NCode?VILO? miRNA cDNA Synthesis Kit(Life technology公司)进行逆转录,20uL体系如下:5×Reaction Mix(含通用逆转录引物)4uL,10×SuperScript?Enzyme Mix 2uL,总RNA 2uL(浓度50ng/uL),DEPC-treated水12uL。反应条件:37℃60min,95℃5min灭火逆转录酶终止反应。

qRT-PCR检测miRNA的表达:使用Life technology公司的SYBER?Select Master Mix,另外试剂盒提供了除上游引物及模板以外的所有反应所需物质,应用StepOnePlus?Real-Time PCR System检测Hsa-miR-21-5p,Hsa-miR-106a-5p,Hsa-miR-143-3p的表达水平,20uL体系如下:SYBER?Select Master Mix(2×)10uL,上游引物下游通用引物各0.4uL,cDNA 模板2uL,RNase-free水7.2uL。PCR反应条件如下:50℃ 2min,95℃ 2min,40个PCR循环(95℃ 15sec变性,60℃ 15sec退火,72℃ 1min延伸)并在此程序后加溶解曲线条件:(95℃ 15sec→60℃ 1min→95℃ 15sec),使用primer5.0设计特异性上游引物,由invitrogen公司合成。上游引物如下表1。采用2-ΔΔCt法计算标本中miRNA的表达。ΔCt=Ct(目的基因)-Ct(U6),ΔΔCt=ΔCt(瘤组织)-ΔCt(瘤旁组织)。瘤旁组织目的基因表达水平为1。同一样本需设立三个平行对照及一个NTC管(无模板对照)。

讨 论

结肠癌的发生过程比较缓慢,结肠癌患者的生存和预后取决于肿瘤的检出时间,早期筛查早治疗是提高结肠癌患者5年生存率的关键[1]。miRNAs是一类进化保守、短小的(一般17-25 nt)单链非编码RNA,它在控制细胞的生长、分化、血管形成及凋亡等过程中发挥着非常重要的作用[2]。

近年随着 miRNAs 研究的深入,发现大量异常表达的 miRNAs 通过调控靶基因的表达而调节包结肠癌在内的多种恶性肿瘤的发生发展,研究发现Hsa-miR-21-5p与多种肿瘤的发生发展息息相关[2-6],本研究中Hsa-miR-21-5p的表达水平在大部分良性结肠腺瘤组织中有升高现象,且结肠腺癌中升高现象更为明显,这种现象是否可以提示结肠腺瘤的癌变可能?因本课题的时间限制以及标本量较小的原因,尚未能对此想法做出验证。实验过程中还发现Hsa-miR-21-5p的检出难度较Hsa-miR-106a-5p与Hsa-miR-143-3p小,有可能成为早期筛查肿瘤的常规检测项目。Hsa-miR-106a-5p的表达水平的检测在消化道肿瘤中居多[7-9],作用同Hsa-miR-21-5p,多以致癌基因的角色为主,本课题研究中并未发现良性结肠腺瘤与结肠腺癌组织中Hsa-miR-106a-5p的表达存在差异,但与癌旁组织相比,表达水平的增加均有显著差异,研究中起抑癌基因作用的Hsa-miR-143-3p的表达水平在结肠腺癌组织中明显降低,与Vlastimil Kulda,Slaby O等[10-12]的研究结果相似,但我们另外对结肠腺癌与良性结肠腺瘤在Hsa-miR-143-3p的表达水平上做了比较,发现结肠腺癌的表达水平显著低于良性结肠腺瘤,且部分TNM分期为N3,M0,M1期的结肠腺癌患者癌组织中Hsa-miR-143-3p的表达使用qRT-PCR技术检出难度非常大。

综上,在结肠腺癌组织中的Hsa-miR-21-5p,Hsa-miR-143-3p表达水平与良性结肠腺瘤差异有统计学意义,可作为区分良恶性的指标。结肠癌组织中Hsa-miR-106a-5p的表达水平显著高于癌旁组织,虽与良性结肠腺瘤无法区分,亦可作为结肠癌患者的辅助检查项目。相信随着研究的深入高新科技的普及,会有很多差异表达的miRNA用于肿瘤的早期诊断与预后分析。

参考文献

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论文作者:彭志平,刘紫玲,史学森(通讯作者)

论文发表刊物:《中华临床医师杂志》(电子版)2016年4月第7期

论文发表时间:2016/7/18

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检测结直肠癌组织中miR-21,miR-106a,miR-143的表达水平论文_彭志平,刘紫玲,史学森(通讯作者)
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